Accountants and Auditors
Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data.
Based on O*NET work context for this occupation. This score does not predict individual job losses.
What drives the score
Automation and repetition raise exposure; freedom to set tasks lowers it. Each measure uses a 0–100 scale.
Analysis reviewed 2026-08, using O*NET 30.3 and BLS projections for 2024–2034. The score, skills and ranking panels use the latest dataset.
48 out of 100, on automation 51 and repetition 71. This is the best-paid genuinely proceduralised profession in the knowledge economy.
Employment still grows 4.6%, faster than the all-occupation average. Demand holds for assurance and interpretation while the preparation work underneath it collapses.
What leaves the week first
Your three descriptors are an unusual combination. Automation 51, repetition 71, freedom to set tasks 79. High freedom normally suppresses the score, and here it barely does, because the freedom is about how you organise your day rather than what the work requires. The output is governed by GAAP, by a filing calendar and by an audit programme. Rule-bound output is the most automatable category there is.
- Transaction coding and classificationBank feeds, expense categorisation, AP matching. Already largely gone in any firm with current software.
- ReconciliationsSub-ledger to general ledger, intercompany, bank. Finding the exception is a machine task. Explaining it is not.
- Sampling and tie-outJudgmental sampling gives way to testing the full population, which changes what a first-year auditor is for.
- First-draft workpapers and disclosure notesDrafted from the trial balance and last year's file.
What is still yours
The top of your skill profile is not arithmetic. Reading comprehension 72, active listening 69, speaking 69, critical thinking 69, and all four carry into other work at 61 to 63, among the strongest in the dataset. Mathematics does not appear in your top eight at all. That is the tell. This occupation was never mainly about calculation, and the parts that were are the parts leaving.
The profession is being rewritten. The entry rung is being sawn off while that happens. The traditional path was three years of preparation work that taught you the business by osmosis. If machines do that work, judgment has to be taught deliberately, and most firms have not worked out how.
- Judgment on treatmentRecognise this revenue now or over time. The standard contains the word probable, and a person signs.
- Sitting with the clientBad news about a covenant, a fraud conversation, a valuation argument.
- Designing the controlNot testing whether a control works. Deciding which control should exist in a business that has changed.
- Signing the opinionLiability attaches to a person. Assurance is the sale of accountability.
Where the ranking actually leads
Two of the nearest moves on your board are not finance jobs, and that is the interesting part. What connects everything here is structured reasoning over a controlled dataset, plus the ability to explain the result to somebody who has to act on it. You already do both, daily, on a different subject.
Gap 0.055, by some way the smallest on your board, at a $116,580 median. Spatial data work rewards exactly the reconciliation habit: tie the record to the source, document the exception. The delta is coordinate systems and one mapping toolchain.
Gap 0.079 and the same $116,580 median. Records governance, retention and control design are audit skills pointed at a different object. Unglamorous, and the quietest pay rise on this page.
Gap 0.099 and a $166,570 median. This is a track problem rather than a study problem. The realistic route runs through FP&A inside a company you already audit.
Gap 0.169, growth of 28.5%, a $129,180 median. IT audit is the doorway most accountants use, and it takes a year of deliberate work to be credible in the room.
How well your skills transfer
Each skill is scored on how well it transfers into occupations that are growing and less exposed. The ones high on both importance and transfer are worth deepening.
| Skill | Transferability | Importance in current role |
|---|---|---|
| Active Listening | 63 | 63 |
| Critical Thinking | 63 | 63 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | 63 | 63 |
| Speaking | 63 | 60 |
| Monitoring | 63 | 56 |
| Complex Problem Solving | 62 | 63 |
| Active Learning | 62 | 56 |
| Coordination | 62 | 50 |
| Reading Comprehension | 61 | 72 |
| Time Management | 61 | 53 |
Show 25 more skills
| Skill | Transferability | Importance in current role |
|---|---|---|
| Writing | 60 | 63 |
| Social Perceptiveness | 60 | 56 |
| Instructing | 58 | 47 |
| Learning Strategies | 58 | 44 |
| Systems Analysis | 57 | 41 |
| Service Orientation | 56 | 53 |
| Systems Evaluation | 56 | 44 |
| Persuasion | 54 | 53 |
| Mathematics | 53 | 60 |
| Negotiation | 52 | 47 |
| Science | 52 | 6 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | 50 | 38 |
| Operations Analysis | 49 | 13 |
| Installation | 48 | 0 |
| Management of Financial Resources | 47 | 47 |
| Management of Material Resources | 47 | 28 |
| Technology Design | 47 | 16 |
| Quality Control Analysis | 47 | 9 |
| Equipment Selection | 47 | 0 |
| Equipment Maintenance | 47 | 0 |
| Troubleshooting | 47 | 0 |
| Operations Monitoring | 46 | 22 |
| Repairing | 46 | 0 |
| Programming | 45 | 25 |
| Operation and Control | 43 | 0 |
Compare how well you can use each skill in growing, low-exposure occupations with its importance in your current role. How we score skills.
Jobs you could move to
Compare related occupations by skill overlap, retraining effort, pay and projected growth. Choose a priority to adjust the ranking. Licensing requirements may limit some routes.
- Median pay · U.S.
- $120,230
- 10-yr growth
- +34.6%
- Skill gap
- 11%
- Retraining
- Low
Skills to build: Active Learning, Speaking, Systems Analysis, Active Listening
- Median pay · U.S.
- $166,570
- 10-yr growth
- +9.7%
- Skill gap
- 11%
- Retraining
- Low
Skills to build: Systems Analysis, Active Learning, Active Listening, Speaking
- Median pay · U.S.
- $129,180
- 10-yr growth
- +21%
- Skill gap
- 21%
- Retraining
- Moderate
Skills to build: Quality Control Analysis, Operations Monitoring, Systems Analysis, Critical Thinking
- Median pay · U.S.
- $135,880
- 10-yr growth
- +21.1%
- Skill gap
- 21%
- Retraining
- Moderate
Skills to build: Operations Monitoring, Monitoring, Active Learning, Active Listening
- Median pay · U.S.
- $166,570
- 10-yr growth
- +9.7%
- Skill gap
- 15%
- Retraining
- Moderate
Skills to build: Management of Personnel Resources, Coordination, Speaking, Monitoring
- Median pay · U.S.
- $123,860
- 10-yr growth
- +24.2%
- Skill gap
- 29%
- Retraining
- Moderate
Skills to build: Operations Analysis, Management of Personnel Resources, Management of Material Resources, Negotiation
What to learn this quarter
You do not need to learn to code. You need to become the person in the firm who can specify, test and vouch for an automated process, which is an audit skill applied to software.
- SQL to a working standardJoins, window functions, and enough to pull a full population instead of a sample. This single skill separates the two futures of this job.Start on edX
- Audit the machine, do not just use itHow to test a model-driven process for completeness and bias, and how to document that test. Firms are hiring for this and have almost nobody.Start on Google Career Certificates
- Remove one recurring close taskTake the worst monthly reconciliation you own and automate it end to end. The artefact is your evidence in the next promotion conversation.Start on PlanetNoCode
- Work out where advisory demand actually sitsThe margin is in niche advisory. Knowing which industries are asking, and what they are asking for, is the whole opportunity.Start on NicheIQ
Where to learn the missing half: Google Career Certificates for systems analysis · active learning, LinkedIn Learning for writing · speaking, edX for mathematics · reading and PlanetNoCode for complex problem solving. Some of those are affiliate links. It never changes what we list.
The number that should unsettle you
Across the full 862 occupations, exposure and median wage correlate at −0.189, so pay explains about 3.6% of exposure. Wage quartile one averages 38.5. Quartile four averages 32.2. Six points across a $76,000 gap.
Your 48 sits above both of those averages while your $83,680 median sits comfortably in the upper half. That combination is the point. Professional status is not protective. Radiologists score 43 on a $420,860 median. Air traffic controllers score 62 on $148,080. What those jobs share with yours is that the output is governed by a rulebook, and a rulebook is a specification. Being expensive and credentialled has never been a defence against that. Being the person who decides when the rulebook does not fit is.
Snapshot: O*NET 31.0, BLS OEWS May 2025, BLS Employment Projections 2025-2035. Scoring v2.1.0-onet-31.0. Method on the how it works page.